Mardi Kawi
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꧋ꦥꦸꦂꦮꦏ꧉
besut꧋ꦱꦏꦶꦁꦫꦸꦩꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀ꦏꦸꦭ꧈ꦠꦶꦪꦁꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦧꦣꦺꦔꦸꦢꦶꦏꦱꦸꦱꦱ꧀ꦠꦿꦤ꧀ꦗꦮꦶ꧈ꦧꦺꦴꦠꦼꦤ꧀ꦏꦺꦔꦶꦁꦧꦺꦴꦠꦼꦤ꧀ꦲꦸꦒꦶꦏꦼꦢꦃꦚꦸꦩꦼꦉꦥ꧀ꦥꦶꦧꦱꦗꦮꦶꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦱꦼꦥꦸꦃꦱꦼꦥꦸꦃ꧈ꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦃꦥꦸꦤꦶꦏꦧꦱꦏꦮꦶ꧈ꦗꦼꦂꦲꦶꦁꦗꦩꦤ꧀ꦱꦩꦁꦏꦺꦠꦏ꧀ꦱꦶꦃꦏꦛꦃꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦏꦼꦉꦥ꧀ꦏꦱꦿꦩ꧀ꦧꦃꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦱꦼꦫꦠ꧀ꦱꦼꦫꦠ꧀ꦮꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀ꦱꦤ꧀ꦱꦂꦠꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦉꦏꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀ꦪꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦏꦥꦸꦫꦶꦃꦲꦚ꧀ꦗꦂꦮꦤ꧀ꦤꦤꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦏꦭꦪꦤ꧀ꦥꦠꦶꦠꦶꦱ꧀꧈ꦕꦼꦏꦏ꧀ꦏꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦧꦱꦏꦮꦶꦠꦸꦩꦿꦥ꧀ꦥꦶꦁꦏꦱꦸꦱꦱ꧀ꦠꦿꦤ꧀ꦗꦮꦶ꧈ꦩꦼꦁꦒꦃꦲꦩꦿꦶꦥꦠ꧀ꦠꦶꦁꦱꦼꦱꦼꦁꦏꦁꦩꦏꦠꦼꦤ꧀ꦩꦶꦤꦺꦴꦁꦏꦥꦤꦸꦁꦒꦸꦭ꧀ꦭꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀꧈
꧋ꦔꦺꦩꦸꦠ꧀ꦠꦶꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦩꦏꦠꦼꦤ꧀ꦮꦲꦸ꧈ꦱꦪꦱꦔꦼꦠ꧀ꦩꦼꦮꦃꦲꦶꦱꦼꦏꦸꦁꦔꦶꦁꦩꦤꦃꦏꦸꦭꦤꦼꦢꦾꦢꦩꦼꦭ꧀ꦲꦸꦭꦂꦲꦸꦭꦂꦱꦏꦼꦣꦶꦏ꧀ꦏꦺꦔꦶꦁꦔꦏꦁꦒꦺꦱꦫꦤꦲꦁꦒꦪꦸꦃꦏꦱꦸꦱꦱ꧀ꦠꦿꦤ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦲꦣꦣꦱꦂꦱꦼꦱꦼꦉꦥ꧀ꦥꦤ꧀꧈ꦏꦭꦩ꧀ꦥꦃꦲꦤ꧀ꦱꦒꦼꦢ꧀ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦧꦂꦱꦼꦫꦠ꧀꧇ꦩꦂꦢꦶꦏꦮꦶ꧈ꦥꦸꦤꦶꦏ꧉
꧋ꦱꦼꦫꦠ꧀ꦥꦸꦤꦶꦏꦏꦣꦥꦸꦏ꧀ꦥꦱꦶꦤꦲꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦥꦿꦩꦶꦭꦲꦔꦼꦮꦿꦠ꧀ꦠꦶꦒꦁꦥꦺꦫꦁꦔꦤ꧀꧇꧑꧇ꦮꦾꦴꦏꦫꦤꦏꦮꦶ꧈꧒꧇ꦮꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀ꦱꦤ꧀ꦏꦮꦶꦢꦭꦃꦏꦠꦼꦫꦁꦔꦤ꧀ꦤꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀꧇꧓꧇ꦏꦮꦶ-ꦗꦂꦮ꧉
꧋ꦩꦼꦁꦒꦃꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦏꦸꦭꦲꦁꦒꦺꦢꦢꦩꦼꦭ꧀ꦤꦼꦫꦁꦤꦼꦫꦁꦔꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦱꦼꦫꦠ꧀ꦥꦸꦤꦶꦏ꧈ꦱꦼꦫꦠ꧀ꦱꦼꦫꦠ꧀꧇ Kawi – Studiën ꦪꦱꦤ꧀ꦤꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦥꦢꦸꦏꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦩꦶꦤꦸꦭ꧀ꦪ Dr. H. Kern; Verspreide Geschriften VIII IX ꦲꦸꦒꦶꦪꦱꦤ꧀ꦤꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ Dr. H. Kern; ꦥꦸꦱ꧀ꦠꦏꦮꦂꦠꦶ꧇ꦏꦮꦶ꧈ꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦏꦲꦱ꧀ꦠꦲꦶꦁꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦁꦔꦤ꧀ꦤꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦩꦶꦤꦸꦭ꧀ꦪ R. Ng. Dr. ꦦꦸꦂꦧꦕꦫꦏ꧉ Kawi – Balineesch – Nederlandsch Woordenboek ꦪꦱꦤ꧀ꦤꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦥꦢꦸꦏꦠꦸꦮꦤ꧀ Dr. H. N. van der Tuuk; Oudjavaansch – Nederlandsch Woordenlijst ꦪꦱꦤ꧀ꦤꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦥꦢꦸꦏꦠꦸꦮꦤ꧀ Dr. H. H. Yuynboll; ꦠꦸꦮꦶꦤ꧀ꦱꦼꦫꦠ꧀ꦏꦮꦶꦱꦤꦺꦱ꧀ꦱꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦏꦸꦭꦩꦤꦃꦥꦽꦭꦸ꧉
꧋ꦏꦸꦭꦔꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦤꦶꦲꦸꦒꦶꦧꦶꦭꦶꦃꦱꦼꦫꦠ꧀ꦥꦸꦤꦶꦏꦠꦏ꧀ꦱꦶꦃꦏꦛꦃꦫꦸꦮꦼꦠ꧀ꦕꦺꦮꦺꦠ꧀ꦠꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦥꦸꦤꦥꦢꦺꦤꦺꦒꦭꦥ꧀ꦒꦁꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦭꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦥꦸꦤꦶꦏꦩꦸꦒꦶꦔꦼꦒꦸꦁꦤꦲꦶꦁꦥꦩꦼꦁꦏꦸ꧈ꦗꦼꦂꦲꦺꦱ꧀ꦛꦶꦤꦶꦁꦩꦤꦃꦤꦩꦸꦁꦤꦼꦢꦾꦢꦩꦼꦭ꧀ꦲꦸꦭꦂꦲꦸꦭꦂ꧈ꦏꦺꦔꦶꦁꦔꦏꦁꦒꦺꦥꦥꦚ꧀ꦕꦢ꧀ꦢꦤ꧀꧈
꧋ꦏꦸꦭꦱꦔꦼꦠ꧀ꦚꦚꦣꦁꦱꦶꦃꦲꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦥꦫꦏꦮꦺꦴꦒ꧀ꦒꦤ꧀ꦩꦶꦮꦃꦥꦫꦄꦃꦭꦶꦧꦱ꧈ꦏꦂꦱꦲꦥꦫꦶꦁꦥꦶꦠꦼꦢꦃꦪꦺꦤ꧀ꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ꦱꦼꦭꦶꦁꦱꦼꦉꦥ꧀ꦥꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀꧈
꧋ꦔꦪꦸꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠ 1929.
ꦤꦸꦮꦸꦤ꧀
W. J. S. ꦦꦸꦂꦮꦢꦂꦩꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ꧉
Purwaka
besutWiyòsipùn, nitìk gederìng ìngkang kerep kâwahyå wònten ìng pùståkå warti, têtélå terang bilìh bångså Jawi ìng sâmangké sami ângakèni, bilìh ngajengaken bångså pûnikå bòten kèngìng nilar dhateng ajengìng båså. Sami ngrumaòsi bilìh ngajengaken båså kâsusastranipùn piyambak, pûnikå ugi dadòs sârånå ìngkang premati kanggé ânggayùh dhateng luhurìng bangsanipùn, ìngkang suwau pårå nèm sami kâsengsem dhateng båså ngâmañcå, ngantòs sami nyingkùr mengkeraken basanipùn piyambak, malah sawenèh ngrèmèhaken suthìk gîgineman mawi båså Jawi, basanìng lûluhùripùn. Nangìng kadòs sampùn karsanipùn ìngkang karyå gesang, raòs miwah rumaòs mâkaten wau såyå sudå, pårå anèm bòten sami kâsupèn ânggûgulang basanipùn, sami kâpèngìn sagedå båså Jawi inggìh dadòs båså ìng donyå ìngkang ingaòsan.
Sakìng rumaòs kulå, tiyang ìngkang badhé ngudi kâsusastran Jawi, bòten kèngìng bòten ugi kedah nyumerepi båså Jawi ìngkang sepùhsepùh, inggìh pûnikå båså Kawi, jer ìng jaman sâmangké taksìh kathah ìngkang kerep kâsrambah wònten ìng serat serat waòsan, sartå sampùn rekaòs yèn ta kâpurìh âñjarwanånå ìngkang kâlayan pâtitìs. Cekakipùn båså Kawi tumrapìng kâsusastran Jawi, menggahå mripatìng sesengkang mâkaten minångkå pânunggùlipùn
Ngémuti ìngkang mâkaten wau, såyå sanget mewahi sekungìng manah kulå nedyå damel ularular sâkedhìk, kéngingå kanggé sârånå ânggayùh kâsusatran ìngkang âdhâdhasar seserepan. Kâlampahan saged âmbabar serat “Mardi Kawi” pûnikå.
Serat pûnikå kâdhapùk pâsinaòn, pramilå ângewrat tigang pérangan: 1. wyākarånå Kawi, 2. waòsan Kawi dalah kâteranganipùn, 3. Kawi – jarwå.
Menggah ìngkang kulå anggé dâdamel nerangnerangaken serat pûnikå, seratserat: Kawi – Studiën yasanipùn pâdukå ìngkang minùlyå Dr. H. Kern; Verspreide Geschriften VIII IX ugi yasanipùn Dr. H. Kern; pùståkå warti “Kawi”, ìngkang kâastå ìng pâñjenenganipun ìngkang minùlyå R. Ng. Dr. Pùrbåcaråkå. Kawi – Balineesch – Nederlandsch Woordenboek yasanipùn pâdukå tuwan Dr. H. N. van der Tuuk; Oudjavaansch – Nederlandsch Woordenlijst yasanipùn pâdukå tuwan Dr. H. H. Yuynboll; tuwìn serat Kawi sânèsipùn ìngkang kulå manah prelu.
Kulå ngakeni ugi bilìh serat pûnikå taksìh ruwet cèwètipùn, pûnåpå déné galap gangsùlipùn, pûnikå mugi ngegùngnå pâmengku, jer èsthinìng manah namùng nedyå damel ularular, kéngingå kanggé pañcadan.
Kulå sanget nyânyadhang sìhipùn pårå kâwògan miwah pårå ahli båså, karsåå parìng pitedah yèn wònten selìng serepipùn.
Ngâyugyåkartå 1929.
Nuwùn
W. J. S. Pùrwådarmintå.
Preface
besutIt was published when the uproar often appeared on the newspapers. It turns out to be clear that Javanese people nowadays recognizes that the advancement of a nation cannot be achieved by leaving the advancement of language behind. They find that the advancement of their own language and literature is also becoming an important mean to achieve the advancement of the people. While previously, the youngsters liked foreign languages. They even set aside and left behind their own language. Moreover, others underestimated and did not want to speak in Javanese language, the language of their ancestors. However, it looks like it has been the will of the life creator, feeling and having feels like that are diminishing over and over. All youngsters do not forget to learn their language. They want that Javanese language is becoming a respected language in the world.
In my opinion that someone learning the Javanese literature absolutely needs also to understand the older Javanese language, i.e. Kawinese language. It is because that nowadays we can find it everywhere in the letters and readings. In addition, it is difficult if we are asked to translate the language precisely. In short, Kawinese language is just like the diamond on the earring eye.
Recalling something like that has made me want to create a few principles of the language. I hoped it could be used as a mean to achieve the stage of literature based on knowledge. Eventually, I could complete this Mardi Kawi book.
The materials that I used to explain in this book were quoted from these books: Kawi – Studiën written by his excellency Dr. H. Kern; Verspreide Geschriften VIII IX also written by Dr. H. Kern; newspaper “Kawi”, that was written by his excellency R. Ng. Dr. Pùrbåcaråkå. Kawi – Balineesch – Nederlandsch Woordenboek written by mister Dr. H. N. van der Tuuk; Oudjavaansch – Nederlandsch Woordenlijst written by mister Dr. H. H. Yuynboll; and other Kawinese books that I thought necessary to be included.
I admit that this book still has so many shortcoming, especially errors and typos. I wish that it could receive greater patience from you because the goal that I set up was to create principles used as a foothold.
I also welcome the mercy from the authorities and language experts, to be willing to give me direction if I have misconception.
Yogyakarta
Sincerely,
W. J. S. Pùrwådarmintå